The Nevada Gaming Commission met Thursday in Las Vegas.

The issue: Five companies with applications for interactive gaming licenses needed deadline extensions because of a backlog of reviews of their systems for online poker play. Regulations impose a six-month limitation on previously approved licenses.

The vote: 5-0 in one consent vote

What it means: Two companies are operating live online poker sites — Station Casinos’ Ultimate Poker and Caesars Interactive’s World Series of Poker.

Five other companies have systems in the pipeline that were closing in on approval deadlines.

Extended to April were license applications for Las Vegas-based Boyd Interactive Gaming, a subsidiary of Boyd Gaming; GNLV Corp, operated by Golden Nugget; MGM Resorts Online, a subsidiary of MGM Resorts International; Z4Poker LLC, doing business as Z4Gaming; and Reno-based PNK LLC, doing business as M1 Gaming Reno though the Boomtown Reno Truckstop.

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CARSON CITY — The state Gaming Control Board has accused a Las Vegas slot machine route company of operating 10 slot machines at a bar without a license.
The three-count complaint filed Thursday asks that a fine of up to $30,000 be imposed and disciplinary action be taken against the license of Golden Route Operations.

The Nevada Gaming Commission would make the final decision.

According to the complaint, Golden Route paid $20,552 over a period of time to the owner of the Las Vegas bar from slot machine revenue. Neither had a state license to operate slots at the bar, according to the complaint.

The complaint, drafted by Deputy Attorney General Edward Magaw, said Golden Route never notified the board of the slot agreement.

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There's a new Benjamin in town, and the casino companies were ready for him.

For years, Las Vegas' gaming companies had been preparing for the Oct. 8 debut of a new $100 bill. In advance of its arrival, resorts and equipment manufacturers spent thousands of hours making sure every slot machine and money-taking device would accept them without a hitch.

It worked. Bosses at the biggest gaming companies say the transition so far has been smooth.

David Kubajak was among the first to find out about the new $100 bill.

As senior director of operations at JCM Global, which supplies more than 75 percent of the country's 850,000 slot machine bill validators, Kubajak got word from the U.S. Treasury Department about five years ago that Benjamin Franklin was getting a makeover.

The U.S. Bureau of Engraving and Printing relies on industry experts such as Kubajak for feedback on bill design. The Federal Reserve wants to make sure its design is secure and difficult to counterfeit.

About three years before the government planned to release the bills, officials sent Kubajak a design concept to review.

The agency is sensitive to JCM's needs. The company deals mostly with $100 bills and partners with some of the world's largest gaming companies, including IGT and Caesars Entertainment. Updating software can takes months.

In return, Kubajak's team signed multiple security agreements promising to keep their lips sealed about the new $100. Most JCM employees were prohibited from seeing the bills, and the Bureau of Engraving conducted monthly audits to make sure no information had leaked.

“It really is a top-secret, well-controlled process,” Kubajak said.

Once a final design was approved, the feds sent Kubajak bills for testing.

In February, a postman dropped off an average-looking package to JCM’s Las Vegas office. Kubajak was out, so Tom Nieman, vice president of global marketing, opened it. Inside the box, he found 1,000 crisp new $100 bills.

“I thought: ‘Geez, what is David getting into?’” Nieman said.

Nieman didn't know they were worthless.The bills lacked serial numbers so they weren't legal tender, but they were authentic enough that JCM could run them through bill validators to make sure their software recognized the new design.

Each updated bill includes a gold ink well and bell you can feel with your fingers. A 3-D strip occupies the lower-right corner and changes from green to gold when turned.

There also are covert, secret features that those in the know can't disclose.

“I am prohibited from discussing those because of the security agreements I’m under,” Kubajak said.

Almost every casino game, with the exception of most table games, requires a bill validator that can recognize $1 bills and three designs of $5, $10, $20, $50 and $100 bills dating to 1953.

U.S. currency never expires. If you put a $1 bill in a shoebox under your bed, it still will be valid 40 years from now.

Casinos call JCM all the time asking whether bills from the 1960s still work.

“Of course it’s OK,” Kubajak said. “It’s still valid U.S. currency.”

Although older bills eventually will be destroyed by the Federal Reserve and replaced with new ones, casinos aren't responsible for separating old bills from new ones.

Gaming companies upgraded validators in their slot machines about three months before the new bill's release. Most casino operators have contracts that include software upgrades for new bills, so the work came at no additional cost, Kubajak said.

Updating a slot machine is usually as simple as plugging a USB drive into it and pressing a button to upload the data. Each upgrade takes 45 seconds to a minute.

“You don’t need to be a rocket scientist,” said Mike Gatten, vice president of slot operations at MGM Resorts International's Aria. Gatten's team had to update 1,900 machines.

Casino employees also had to be trained on what the new currency looks like and how to detect counterfeits.

So far, there haven’t been many problems with the validators, Kubajak said.

That doesn't mean Kubajak can rest easy. More bill changes are coming down the pike.
The bills lacked serial numbers so they weren't legal tender, but they were authentic enough that JCM could run them through bill validators to make sure their software recognized the new design.

Each updated bill includes a gold ink well and bell you can feel with your fingers. A 3-D strip occupies the lower-right corner and changes from green to gold when turned.

There also are covert, secret features that those in the know can't disclose.

“I am prohibited from discussing those because of the security agreements I’m under,” Kubajak said.

Almost every casino game, with the exception of most table games, requires a bill validator that can recognize $1 bills and three designs of $5, $10, $20, $50 and $100 bills dating to 1953.

U.S. currency never expires. If you put a $1 bill in a shoebox under your bed, it still will be valid 40 years from now.

Casinos call JCM all the time asking whether bills from the 1960s still work.

“Of course it’s OK,” Kubajak said. “It’s still valid U.S. currency.”

Although older bills eventually will be destroyed by the Federal Reserve and replaced with new ones, casinos aren't responsible for separating old bills from new ones.

Gaming companies upgraded validators in their slot machines about three months before the new bill's release. Most casino operators have contracts that include software upgrades for new bills, so the work came at no additional cost, Kubajak said.

Updating a slot machine is usually as simple as plugging a USB drive into it and pressing a button to upload the data. Each upgrade takes 45 seconds to a minute.

“You don’t need to be a rocket scientist,” said Mike Gatten, vice president of slot operations at MGM Resorts International's Aria. Gatten's team had to update 1,900 machines.

Casino employees also had to be trained on what the new currency looks like and how to detect counterfeits.

So far, there haven’t been many problems with the validators, Kubajak said.

That doesn't mean Kubajak can rest easy. More bill changes are coming down the pike.

Kubajak already has information about new bills that will debut five years from now.

“We’re already working on the future,” he said.

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CARSON CITY — A casino in Pahrump has agreed to pay a $5,500 fine to the state Gaming Commission for failing to register its bartenders as gaming employees.The state Gaming Control Board filed the two-count complaint Monday against Stagestop Casino, owned by Shawn P. Jones.

Filed with the complaint was a stipulation signed by Jones on Monday to pay the fine and concede the violation. The stipulation must be approved by the Gaming Commission.

The complaint said an investigation started in June showed that seven of nine bartenders were not properly registered as gaming employees. It said Holmes had failed since October 2010 to submit reports on newly hired employees.

Holmes admitted to state agents he had not been tracking employees for several years, according to the complaint.

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All poker chips expire.

But unlike with sour milk in a fridge, casino bosses choose when chips go bad. It can be months, years or decades after they are issued.

“It’s a personal choice,” said Mark Lipparelli, a gaming consultant and former chairman of the Gaming Control Board.

Caesars Entertainment and MGM Resorts International recently ran newspaper ads warning people that the chips used in several of their casinos will be discontinued in six months. After that, anyone holding onto them will be out of luck.

Expired chips lose their face value. Gaming regulators made the law in the late ’80s to try to cut down on fraud and counterfeiting.Before 1987, the state didn’t care much about what casinos did with their chips. Today, the process is very different.

•••

Mike Spinetti has the largest collection of poker chips in Las Vegas and maybe the world.

The poker player and poker chip expert keeps more than $15 million of rare chips in a secret warehouse vault. His favorite is a Flamingo chip from 1947 – Bugsy Siegel’s era. Spinetti snagged it at an estate sale.

He’s constantly on the hunt for chips with an interesting story.

At Spinettis Gaming Supplies on South Commerce Street, Spinetti has chips damaged by fire, never-before-seen chips found in forgotten vaults and chips discarded at the bottom of lakes. Casino companies used to toss discontinued chips into bodies of water to get rid of them.

Close to 20 years ago, Spinetti received a call from a skin diver who found white poker chips buried at the bottom of Lake Mead.

Spinetti snatched them up and learned they came from the Las Vegas Club. The casino used them for play in 1957, but it’s unclear when executives threw them overboard. The casino rolled out new chips in 1963 and 1971.

The chips weren’t originally white. They were gray, but the lake’s water sucked the color from their rims.

Spinetti also has several chunks of concrete believed to have come from the foundation of the New Frontier, which was demolished in 2007. The chunks are riddled with poker chips from the Sands and metal tokens from resorts as far away as Laughlin.

“When chips became not current, casinos didn’t know what to do with them,” Spinetti said. “I have no idea who started it, but they’d go into the concrete.”

When construction crews demolished the Dunes in 1993, workers found hundreds of $100 chips preserved in the crumbled concrete of the resort’s foundation.

MGM spokesman Alan Feldman remembers the day a worker discovered the chips while cleaning up the site, where Steve Wynn later built the Bellagio. The worker presented executives with a 5-gallon bucket of chip-laden slabs. Feldman displays one on his desk today.

The motives behind the chip burying are unclear. Some say casino executives poured the chips in concrete for good luck. Others say their motives were pragmatic. They needed to toss the old chips somewhere.

•••

Everything changed in 1987.

That’s when the state rolled out Regulation 12, a law that made poker chips the property of casinos, prohibited gamblers from using chips as currency and required executives to destroy discontinued chips in a specific regulated manner.

The law stemmed from regulators’ fears about theft and fraud. Regulation 12 aims to prevent counterfeit chips from entering casinos.

The casinos were happy to play ball because it saved them money. Resorts can’t be taxed on unreturned chips.

Some players scoffed, however, because the law prevented them from paying back debts with chips. Regulation 12 specifies that chips can be used only as a substitute for cash while gambling, not as currency away from the tables.

When players cash in chips today, cashiers are supposed to ask them for their player’s card to prove the chips were earned gambling. If a person can’t prove where he got them, the cage can refuse to cash them. State law allows a casino to refuse to cash chips if it “knows or reasonably should know” a person didn’t get the chips while gambling.

Tom Peterman, senior vice president of MGM Resorts International, said that happens a couple of times a month.

•••

When they decide to roll out a new chip, casino companies must submit plans to the Gaming Control Board, detailing the chip’s design and security features, as well as the casino’s plan for disposing of the old chips.

Chips typically include covert security features, such as ultraviolet markings and radio frequency identification tags, that cashiers can check for to make sure the chips are valid.

To destroy chips, casinos must consult with a board-approved disposal company. Sometimes it’s the same company that made the chips. Gaming Partners International, which supplies most casinos with chips, for instance, often destroys them, too.

Outdated chips typically are loaded into a truck equipped with a tumbler that crushes them into dust.

Gaming regulators have to be present to run an audit and witness the destruction.

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CARSON CITY — Gov. Brian Sandoval said he has talked with Delaware Gov. Jack Markell about allowing Nevada’s online poker games to operate in that state. He called the conversation “positive,” but nothing is expected to happen soon.The state Gaming Commission adopted a regulation Oct. 25 encouraging the governor to seek compacts with other states that also allow online gaming.

There are only two other states that have approved online gaming — Delaware and New Jersey.

“Delaware is the only one that has gone live that would be a candidate,” Sandoval said. But state officials there want “time to see what their experience is going to be,” he said.

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